Fat and gfly and fatty matters from wool and other sub



(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 1.

T.'J. MULLINGS.

PROCESS OF EXTRAGTING OIL AND FAT AND OILY AND FATTY MATTERS .FROM WOOL AND OTHER SUBSTANCES AND THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH AND APPLICABLE THERETO.

I NC 287,78 6. m1 Patented 001;. 30, 1883.

. I G I (No Model.) zsneets-sneet z,

A I T. J. MULLI NGS. PROCESS OF EXTRAGTING OIL AND FAT AND OILY AND FATTY MATTERS A 'PROM WOOL AND OTHER SUBSTANCES AND THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH AND APPLICABLE THERETO.

, N0. 287,786 Patented 0t. 30, 1883.

L A .17 A g @i H @f I UNITED S T S PATENT OF ICE.

THOMAS J. MULLINGS,

OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

STAN'CES AND THE APPARATUS CONNECTEID THEREWITH AND APPLICABLE THER'ETO.

- srncrrrcn'rron forming pari; 02 Letters Patent nolesvnse, dated camber so, less Application filed April 12. 1881. (No model.) Patented in England October 21. 1879, No. 4,262; in France April 23", 1880, No. 136,292,- in Belgium April 27, 1880', No. 51,298; in GemianvApril 27, 1880. No. 13,262; in Austria-Hungary, October 14, I880, No: 20,377 and- No. 30,623; in Capeof Good Rope Decemberflfl, 1880,.N6. 11 /251; in- Vict'oria December 28, 1 880, No. 2,942; in South Austmlia January 5, 1881, No. 151 in Tasmania J annaryfi, 158 15, No 1'88; in Queensland February 22,1881, No. 339.; in New South Wales February 28, 1881, No 909'; in- New Zenlamd'Apq-il 1:, 13811,, No. 515, a'ud in Spain August 12, 1881, No. 1,597.

To will whom it may-concern: Be it known that I, Tnorms' Jonu LINGS, a subject of theQ'oeenof Great Britain,

residing at London, England, have. invented a new and improved Process for Extracting Oil and Fat and Oily and Fatty Mattersfi'om Wool and Other Substances and the Apparatus Gonneeted Therwith and Applicable Thereto, (for which I have obtained a patent in Great Britain No. 4,262, dated October 21,- 1879; in France No. 136,292, dated April 23, 1880; in Belgium No. 5L298, dated April 2-7, 1880,

- and in Austria-Hungary No. 2053?? and No.

30, 623-, dated October 14, 1880, and in Germany No. 13, 262, dated April 27, 1889;) and I dohe're.

by declare that the following isa full, clear,

are from their nature affected in coior orqnality when hydrocarbons are used for the purpose of extracting such oily and-fatty matters, and

are subsequently removed from the material under treatment by the slow process of, admitting steam or using other meansofraisingthe temperature to the respective boiling-points of such hydrocarbons, and so driving them oil by evaporation. c

. The primary object-of this invention therefore is to provide suitable apparatus and a proce'ss whereby oily and fatty matters may be extracted by the use of hydrocarbons without employing heat, and whereby} avoid causing 'inj ury by the agency of heat to the materials operated upon; and for this purpose I provide a cylindrical or other shaped vesselof suitable dimensions constructed of iron or other material, and furnished with a cover capable of being lifted 0r removed'andrendered tight by asuitablejointorpacking. Insideofthisvessel I place a perforated or reticulated or otherwisesuitably-constructedcageorbasket,which 3 may either be a fixture or be so fitted as to be the outer vessel by some one or any of the various modes of producing centrifugal action. Into this cage or basket I place the material to [be treated (or the cage or basket may be first filled and afterwards placed in position) and adjust the cover, when I admit, by suitable contrivances such asare hereinafter more partienlarly described, carbon bisulphide, (which I hereinafter for convenience designate as the 3 age-ht, which, passing thronghthe material, separates and removes the oily and fatty matters' contained therein, and then runs ofi' by suitable means into a tank or reservoir or dircct into a still. This operation is continued j until the material is cleared of such oily and fatty matters, which is easily ascertained by Y examination. When this is afl'eeted, the agent remaining in the vessel is allowed to return to a tank or suit-able reservoir, which operation can, when the bulk of the agent has run ofi', bespeedily completed by settingin motion the revolving basket orcage containing the material. Water is then admitted either under pressure or otherwise for the purpose of cleansing or partially cleansing the material and of washing out anyagent which may remain, and the resulting liquid is allowed to pass ofl into :a suitable reservoir, from whence theagent, (if any be present,) may be recovered. The revolving basket or cage containing the matethrough the material,intendedtobedried. In some cases the air may if necessarybc chem:-

j-unct. to the apparatus connected with myin vention.

95 In order that my said invention maybe fully PROCESS OF EXTRACTING AND FAT AND OHLY AND FATTY MATTERS FROM WOOL AN-D O'FHER SlJB- 7 'be capable of being made to revolve within rial is then again set in motion, as before-menother suitable means for prodncinga current of air, which in acold or heated state r cally or otherwise treated; but neither of these i last-mentioned contrivances is a necessary'ad understood, I shall now prooeed more particularly to describe the samefand for that purpose the accompanying drawings are appended as an illustration, the same letters of reference ploying oil or grease for any of the-bearings.

or moving parts of the apparatus with which the chemical agent employed may come in contact is wholly avoided, and this is an impor tant feature in this partof my invention; but the same result may be obtained by constructing the apparatus in such away that the beardle, (which might be lengthened,) and above.v

ings can be placed toward the top of the spinthe overflow, a level to which the agent ,will rise, and in this instance ordinary oiled bearings might be used.

A A is a case of cylindrical or other suitable form, B B a bottom plate for same, and (3 0 a cover, all of which are constructed of iron or other suitable material or materials.

The bottom plate, B B, is secured to the case A A by means of a faced and ground flanged joint bolted or secured in any other convenient manner.'- The outside edge of the bottom plate is constructed with a lip, D D, formingatrough for the reception of water, which will cover the connecting joint between base and bottom plate. In this bottom plate immediately within the case A A is formed a channel or gutter, P P, for the purpose of draining the interior.

Around the top of a the case A A another. lip I or trough, E E, similar to that described on B B is provided, into which the rimof the cover F F is made to drop, thus forming, when the trough is filled with water, a sealed joint, similar to the joint lastly before described. I

The surfaces in contact between cover and case are faced and ground. .A bayonet or other suitable joint for securing the cover to the case maybe provided.

The bottom plate, B B, is provided with a cone in the center, which carries at its top a conical bearing, G, for a'central sprindle, H. On this spindle is fitted a perforated or reticulated or otherwise suitably constructed basket, I I, with an open top, so adjusted as to be eapable of being lifted into and out of position, and firmly secured by suitable appliances to the central spindle, H. To prevent loss of time, and to avoid the necessity of striking any blow in the process of securing or removing the basket, I prefer to use the following de-' vice: To the top of the spindle I fit a deep nut, L, the outside diameter of which is smaller than the bore of the boss of the basket. I introduce a washer, K, (see Figs. 4and 5,) recessed on its upper side one-fourth of an inch deep to receive the nut and cut through on one side, so that it may be withdrawn side wise from the .spiifdle when the nutislifted's out'of the recess; and the 'basketmay then be I lifted out-of position. By this means it a,] only necessary to slacken' or tightemthe nut. l

an inch to remove or fix the;

all fitted with metal-lined bushes with phos- I phor-bronze or other suitable matrix, thepurpose being .to avoid the necessity for use of any oleaginous lubricant. A rotatory motion 'is given to the spindle by a pulley and belt or other suitable appliances. g A hole is provided in gutter P I, in which is fitteda pipe, (1, for the introduction of the agent. A second hole and pipe, R, are provi ded near the top of the case A, immediately under the trough E E,'for the overflow of the agent. Inside the case A A, and opposite to the pipe R, I prefer to fit a collecting-box, S, the-upper lip of which is placed as close as is convenient' to the under side of the cover 0 G, for

the purpose of making the effective outlet for the agent as high as possible.

and hole, T,- Fig. 3, are provided,.communi- 'cating with-the gutter P P, by means of which the case may be drained of the agent. Another hole and pipe, U, are also provided im-- mediately below the trough E E and in the side of the .case A A, communicating with a distributing-pipe or suitable apparatus in the interiorof the case, so arranged as to produce a fine spray or continuous thin sheet of water falling to the basket. An opening and pipe, I Io V, maybe provided inthe side of the case A A, through which a fan-blast may be introduced, or other means may be provided for assisting the operation of drying. A corresponding opening and pipe, W, may be provided in the bottom plate, B B, for the exit of blast and vapor. All these pipes are to be provided with valves, and each may be opened or closed independently of the others.

For convenience, only one pipe for each purpose is exhibited in the drawings; but any number and of any diameter may be provided to suit special circumstances.

I prefer the basket and the interior ,of the case to be tinned, enameled, or otherwise suitably coated, and that the pipes should be of lead or galvanized iron or other material treated to prevent oxidation.

The mode of conducting the operation is as follows: The basket being filled with the material to be treated and the troughs D D and E E filled with water, I remove the cover 0 C by suitable appliances and adjust the basket I I in position upon the spindle H, and- Another pipe 100 I secure it as above described; or the basket may be filled without being removed from and that in the pipe T, Fig. 3, is opened, al-

lowing the agent remaining. in the vessel to flow off to a tank or reservoir suitably placed near the machine. .To complete this operation,

' Iset in motion, by belt or gearing moved by steam or other power in the ordinary way, the

' 2o spindle and basket. When the agent has been thrown off, I stop the machine by means of a brakeorothercontrivance,andintroducewater underpressureorotherwisethroughthepipeU,

Fig. 3, and spray-pipe before described, for the purpose of cleansing or partially cleansing the material and of washing out any ofthe agent which may remain. I adopt the device of introducing water'in the form of afinely-dis,

seminated spray or thin continuous sheet of water',which will be found beneficial in hot climates or generally in heated temperatures,

' in order that any vaporized agent may be condensed and precipitated. The water and agent (if any) escapes by way of the pipe T, Fig. 3, to the storage-tank before referred to or to some 4 other suitable reservoir, where the agent (if any) may be recovered. The revolving bas- L ket is then again set in'mot'ion', as before de scribed, andis continued inaction until the 4o. material is dry, when the valve in the pipe T may be closed. 'To complete this operation I 'nying drawings, as the same may bevaried adjust, where necessary, a fan or blower or other suitableicontrivance for obtaining a current of air, and the air so forced through enters by the pipe .V, Figs. 2 and 3. and escapes by the pipe 5 W, Fig.3, both of which have hitherto been closed bysuitable valves. The air so used may be chemically or otherwise treated.

I am aware that bisulphide' of carbon has been used as an agent in the extracting of grease, and therefore I make no claim to it per se for such purpose. 1

, Having thus particularly described and as- 1 certained the nature of this mysaid invention, together with the best method with which I am acquainted for carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details hereinbefore described, and illustrated in the accompawithout departing from the nature of the invention; but f What I consider to be novel and original,

and therefore claim, is

- 1 Thedescribedprocess,whereby bisulphide of carbon may bepractically used as a greaseextractor and be subsequently separated from the material under treatment by centrifugal force without the use of heat and consequent vaporization.

2. The combination, substantially as described, of an outer vessel provided with a re movable cover and packing, an interior basket arranged to be revolved, means for admitting the cleansing agent, means for the admission of water, and means for running off the cleansingagent.

THO. J. MULLINGS.

Witnesses:

F. PRICE, -E. LAKE. 

